Ethereum Activates Glamsterdam Upgrade on Sepolia Testnet, Raising Block Gas Limit to 200 Million

Ethereum has deployed its Glamsterdam upgrade to the Sepolia testnet, expanding execution capacity and increasing the block gas limit from 60 million to 200 million ahead of a planned mainnet release.

Ethereum has reached a notable milestone in its core scaling roadmap with the successful deployment of the Glamsterdam upgrade on the Sepolia testnet on Tuesday. The release marks a critical transitional phase that moves the network closer to an eventual mainnet deployment, focusing on expanding execution layer capacity while preserving rigorous efficiency standards in block validation. In blockchain development, testnets function as replica digital testing environments mirroring the operational realities of the mainnet, enabling engineers to trial and validate protocol changes without endangering live capital.

Architecture of Glamsterdam and Gas Limit Adjustments
Architecturally, the Glamsterdam upgrade combines updates across two distinct planes of the Ethereum architecture: the Amsterdam upgrade focused on the execution layer and the Gloas upgrade directed at the consensus layer. The combined package incorporates 18 core Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) alongside 7 supporting networking and informational EIPs designed to optimize network communication and throughput.

A central technical highlight of the release is a substantial adjustment to network throughput limits. Glamsterdam increases the block gas limit from 60 million to 200 million. In the Ethereum ecosystem, gas serves as the computational metric quantifying the processing power required to execute smart contracts and transfer data across the network. By elevating the threshold to 200 million, blocks will accommodate a much larger volume of transactions and handle computationally demanding programs simultaneously. To ensure validators adapted smoothly, Prysm distributed a last-minute software update that automated the implementation of the higher gas threshold on Sepolia ahead of the activation.

Roadmap Progression: From Sepolia to Hoodi and Mainnet
Network engineers intend to monitor performance on Sepolia closely before taking subsequent operational steps. Provided the network demonstrates stable execution and block processing without technical anomalies, developers plan to schedule an activation date on the Hoodi testnet. Successful testing on Hoodi will represent the final preliminary gateway before core teams establish a timeline for deployment across the production Ethereum mainnet.

Vitalik Buterin Highlights AI Integration and Onchain Bots
Alongside the protocol deployment, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin spoke on Tuesday at the OKX NOW event regarding the structural trajectory of decentralized applications. Buterin indicated that over the next two years, onchain applications will increasingly intersect with artificial intelligence technologies. Under this envisioned architecture, automated bots could oversee the vast majority of front-end user interactions with blockchain systems. However, he cautioned that this transition will also introduce structural alterations to network mechanics that developers must proactively navigate.

Derivatives Liquidation Data and Market Pressures
In the derivatives market, trading volatility led to measurable contract closures. Over the preceding 24 hours, Ethereum logged $15.3 million in aggregate liquidations according to tracking metrics from Coinglass. The closures were heavily skewed toward bullish traders, with long liquidations accounting for $10.5 million of the total figure, reflecting downward pressure that impacted leveraged market participants.

Technical Indicators, Moving Averages, and Price Boundaries
From a chart perspective, Ethereum maintains a constructive near-term posture on the daily timeframe, holding positions above its 20-, 50-, and 100-day Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs). Live market metrics position ETH at $2,696, down 0.56% against its prior close of $2,711, within a 52-week trading span of $1,507 to $3,041. Trading volume stands at 0.82 times its 20-day mean. The convergence of short- and intermediate-term moving averages directly below the current price reflects solid underlying support, highlighted by the 20-day EMA at $2,655, the 50-day EMA at $2,500, and the 200-day EMA at $2,326, with the 50-day crossing above the 200-day indicating a golden cross structure.

Momentum readings remain steady, with the 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) registering around 59 to 60, reflecting constructive upside potential without crossing into overbought conditions. Complementary live readings show the MACD line at 59.82 against a signal line of 70.57, producing a histogram reading of -10.75. The Bollinger Bands (20,2) span from $2,550 to $2,805 with a midpoint of $2,678, while the ADX(14) reading of 44 signals strong directional trend strength. The Stochastic oscillator posts a fast line of 42 and a signal line of 50, alongside an Average True Range (ATR) of 78.00 denoting daily price variation.

To the upside, overhead resistance presents initially at a horizontal zone near $2,781, with intraday pivot reference points mapping R1 at $2,717 and R2 at $2,739 around the daily pivot of $2,701. Beyond these markers, subsequent major price caps align at $3,075 and an extended hurdle near $3,260. On pullbacks, immediate defense emerges around the 20-day EMA near $2,656, supported by intraday floors at S1 ($2,679) and S2 ($2,663). Further down, a dense accumulation area exists between horizontal markers at $2,631 and $2,558. In the event of a deeper correction, the 50-day EMA at $2,500, a horizontal level at $2,363, and the 100-day EMA at $2,329 along with the 200-day EMA at $2,326 form deeper structural safety nets.

Broader Market Landscape Across Leading Assets
The broader digital asset sector exhibited mixed performance on Tuesday. Bitcoin maintained a bullish perspective at $85,837 amid seller attempts to retake momentum, before facing profit-taking headwinds that kept it trading beneath $86,000. Institutional interest presented conflicting signals, as Strategy accumulated an additional 334 BTC for its corporate balance sheet while US spot ETFs experienced net outflows of $89.90 million on Monday. Among alternative cryptocurrencies, Ripple traded in a consolidating band around the critical $1.50 mark, defined by support at $1.40 and resistance at $1.60 within a tightening triangle pattern that could dictate its fourth-quarter path in 2026. Cardano gained 3% to extend a three-day winning streak, while Solana moved lower for a second straight session.

What this means for you
The expansion of Ethereum's gas limit to 200 million represents an operational advancement that could reduce congestion and stabilize processing fees for global network participants.

• For Crypto Investors: Increased block capacity enables the network to process higher transaction volumes without computational bottlenecks. This structural scalability is expected to support smoother transaction throughput and fee moderation once deployed to mainnet.
• For Web3 Developers: The testnet rollout allows teams to deploy computationally intensive smart contracts and test execution efficiency at scale. Projects can proactively audit application performance under the 200 million limit ahead of the Hoodi and mainnet stages.
• For Active Derivatives Traders: Holding above key moving averages reinforces short-term bullish technical structure around $2,696. Nevertheless, with $15.3 million in recent liquidations, participants must manage risk around the immediate $2,656 support and $2,781 resistance zones.
• For AI and Blockchain Users: The projected integration of automated bot front-ends over the next two years could streamline smart contract interactions. Everyday users may eventually experience simpler, automated onchain workflows across decentralized platforms.

Why this happened
The upgrade was initiated to advance Ethereum's Layer 1 scaling roadmap by expanding transaction capacity while preserving block validation performance.

• Layer 1 Execution Needs: Growing decentralized computation demands necessitated structural improvements across both execution and consensus layers. Developers consolidated the Amsterdam and Gloas updates to tackle network bottlenecks collectively.
• Computational Constraints: The previous 60 million gas limit capped the computational complexity and volume of transactions that could be validated inside an individual block. Raising this parameter to 200 million unlocks bandwidth for intricate contract computations.
• Staged Risk Mitigation: Deploying protocol changes directly to production could introduce severe security vulnerabilities across decentralized applications. Launching on Sepolia, followed by Hoodi, ensures the code undergoes thorough real-world testing prior to mainnet integration.

Questions & Answers

1. What is the Glamsterdam upgrade?
It is an Ethereum protocol upgrade combining the Amsterdam execution layer and Gloas consensus layer improvements across 25 total EIPs.

2. How much has the block gas limit increased under Glamsterdam?
The upgrade increases the network's gas limit from 60 million to 200 million per block on the Sepolia testnet.

3. What is the planned deployment path after Sepolia?
If Sepolia operates smoothly, developers will schedule deployment on the Hoodi testnet before preparing for the final mainnet release.

4. What did Vitalik Buterin note regarding AI and blockchain?
He stated that onchain applications will increasingly integrate with AI over the next two years, with automated bots handling most front-end interactions.

5. How large were the recent Ethereum liquidations?
Ethereum recorded $15.3 million in liquidations over 24 hours, led by $10.5 million in liquidated long positions.

6. What are the primary support and resistance levels for ETH?
Immediate resistance sits near $2,781 followed by $3,075 and $3,260, while downside support rests at the 20-day EMA near $2,656 and $2,631.

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